介紹
本文嘅目的係傳播知識, 分享見解, 並激發靈感. 透過閱讀此內容, 你將對藍牙Mesh技術有更好嘅、更透徹嘅瞭解, 及其工作原理, 主要優勢, 以及由實際使用案例中感知到嘅好處.
低功耗藍牙, 都稱為BLE同藍牙 5.0, 係- 測距技術廣泛應用於 人員定位 和 物品跟蹤 在各種室內場景中. 它具有強大嘅無線通信優勢，但能耗和安裝成本較低 & 保養 (Hernandez-Solana等人。, 2020). 然而, 冇完美嘅技術. 原來, 唔存在網狀網絡特性，並且冇得到BLE嘅良好支持. A BLE product previously could only support a very limited number of peripheral devices connected to a central device, unable to cope with increasingly complex IoT systems that comprise more and more IoT devices and thus requires seamless coordination. 因此, it is imperative for IoT innovators to embrace Bluetooth Mesh, a technology advancement that combines best of the two.
BLUETOOTH MESH TECHNOLOGY
顧名思義, Bluetooth Mesh is a combination of two excellent technologies and allows each technology’s benefit to offset and compensate for the limitations of the other. More from the definitive side, Bluetooth Mesh is a mesh network that allows IoT devices to connect with each other and upload information through BLE wireless communication at lower costs (藍牙Mesh網絡, 2024).
如果藍牙網狀網絡係解決方案, 佢係乜嘢以及它與典型嘅BLE或Mesh網絡有何不同? 答呢啲問題, 我哋需要回到 2014 BLE Mesh構思時 (藍牙Mesh網絡, 2024). 不久之後 3 年和 2017, Bluetooth Mesh規範被藍牙特別興趣小組採用並發佈 (SIG先生), 要各種應用場合嘅IoT設備由簡單嘅連接轉變為真正嘅智能 (馬賽爾, 2023). 自從它被發明並被採用其規格, 藍牙Mesh旨在令更多嘅物聯網設備連接同更好嘅咁協調，而無需增加新嘅支持基礎設施和增加能源消耗嘅額外成本.
藍牙MESH嘅工作原理
如前所述, Bluetooth Mesh創建網絡, an operating floor for peripheral IoT devices to communicate with each other directly. Each IoT device, which used to serve as a node, now becomes a router, transmitting data collected and navigating other nodes to the gateway. Within the radio range supported by BLE Mesh, mesh devices now can have a “many-to-many” interaction (Bluetooth Mesh Networking FAQs | Bluetooth® Technology Website, n.d.). If one route is temporarily disrupted or permanently removed, other nodes can detect new routes for the “lost node” to ensure data integrity and normal transmission. 以呢種方式, each nodes can replay information to other nodes and other nodes can function as a gateway or router.
In a mesh network, a node, both provisioned and unprovisioned, can be any IoT devices such as 藍牙信標, asset tags, trackers, 或 temperature-humidity sensors, 例如. 然而, only provisioned nodes can send and receive mesh messages. Once the mesh network is built with the right protocols and topology designs, the provisioner will automatically detect and invite unprovisioned devices into the mesh network after configuration, verification and authentication.
KEY BENEFITS OF BLUETOOTH MESH
多面性: Easy to Scale Up
Bluetooth Mesh is particularly useful and applicable for large-scale industrial operation or IoT systems that require a huge amount of nodes. Expanding the network simply requires putting new devices into the field where the existing mesh network is covered (Liu et al., 2017). Given the nature of mesh networks, every IoT device connected to the same hub can communicate directly with each other as long as the node is falling under the same Bluetooth range. 因此, the best way to expand the IoT mesh network is to add new devices, and make ensure it is configured properly to be detected by other nodes. And other existing nodes can automatically and intelligently take care of the rest. 然之後, the newly added node will become an integral part of the mesh network, expanding the coverage and capability of the existing network without building new infrastructure.
Cost Efficiency: Easy to Install
Such mesh network features turn out to be very cost-effective because it largely reduces the incremental installation cost of new infrastructure, such as gateways, 電線, and base stations. Owing to the low energy consumption of BLE, the new IoT system can support high performance of wireless communication at economical deployment and maintenance. 此外, the mesh network enables nodes to relay information to nearby routers, avoiding data transmission and energy cost due to long-range communication.
Data Integrity & Reliability: Easy to Install
The decentralized approach in IoT control systems tend to be more reliable because there are no central controllers. Intelligence is distributed to all IoT devices (Distributed Intelligence in the Internet of Things (物聯網) Using Edge Computing – Stockholm University, 2023). If one route between the node and hub is broken, the node can automatically detect new routes with other nodes to ensure normal transmission without interruption and data loss. Such data relaying feature offers multiple pathways for message delivery and information transmission. In the digital era, it not only reduce the maintenance cost (e.g. repairing expense & labor) and better protects data security & integrity especially for large and complex IoT networks.
CONCLUSION & LIMITATIONS
Bluetooth Mesh network is critical to the IoT ecosystem. It absorbs key advantages derived from two best technologies, Bluetooth Low – energy and Mesh networks. On the one side, the mesh network makes it way much simpler to install and add new IoT devices to expand the network without needs to bear extra financial burdens of new infrastructure. On the other, Bluetooth wireless communication assists nodes to relay information at lower energy consumption without the need for long-range communication and cost of wires. 然而, there is always room for improvement. Issues such as incompatibility among IoT devices may cause extra critical fail points and blind time during actual operation. 提供更完整嘅解決方案，由 入門套件 並將正確嘅設備集成到藍牙Mesh網絡並確保無縫協調係關鍵, 領先嘅IoT創新者進一步探索和討論.
引用作品
埃尔南德斯-索拉纳, 一個., 佩雷斯-迪亚斯-德-塞里奥, D., 加西亚-洛萨诺, M., 巴尔达吉, 一個. V., & 瓦伦苏埃拉, J. L. (2020). 藍牙網狀網絡分析, 問題, 同挑戰. IEEE訪問, 8, 53784–53800. https://doi.org/10.1109/access.2020.2980795
藍牙網狀網絡. (2024, 五月 15). 維基百科. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bluetooth_mesh_networking
Bluetooth Mesh Networking FAQs | Bluetooth® Technology Website. (n.d.). Bluetooth® Technology Website.
https://www.bluetooth.com/learn-about-bluetooth/feature-enhancements/mesh/mesh-faq/
Distributed Intelligence in the Internet of Things (物聯網) Using Edge Computing – Stockholm University. (2023, 十一月 24). https://www.su.se/english/research/research-projects/distributed-intelligence-in-the-internet-of-things-iot-using-edge-computing
馬賽爾, J. (2023, 十一月 27). 藍牙網狀網絡顛覆物聯網緊 | Bluetooth® Technology Website. Bluetooth® Technology Website. https://www.bluetooth.com/blog/bluetooth-mesh-is-disrupting-the-iot/
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